CONFERENCE PROCEEDING
Three main directions of magnetic field impact on biomaterials and bio-οbjects: Its efficiency and safety for biomedicine
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1
Research Institute “Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials”, G.R. Derzhavin Tambov State University, Tambov, Russia
 
2
Department of Chemical Enzymology, School of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
 
 
Publication date: 2021-09-27
 
 
Public Health Toxicol 2021;1(Supplement Supplement 1):A20
 
ABSTRACT
Exposure to magnetic field (MF) is one of the oldest instruments in biomedical practice along with the use of chemical, thermal and mechanochemical tools or approaches. However, in comparison to the latter ones, it has much more limited physical background so that its impact is much less predictable and reliable. As a result, its applications are scarce currently. This paper briefly discusses three main directions of the MF application in biomedicine in the past, nowadays and in the future.
The first one is the exposure to steady or low frequency (f<300 Hz) non-heating MF. It is the oldest but still the most controversial and the least reliable approach. There is no universally accepted theory or even mechanisms of its impact on biological objects. The second one is the use of radio frequency (f ~ 10-100 MHz) MF for heating biologic materials or objects due to eddy currents or dielectric losses. The influence of the MF itself in this approach appears to be negligible or insignificant.
And the third approach employs magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) introduced into the object beforehand or existing there naturally as a mediators and enhancers of MF action on biomolecular structures. Depending upon MF characteristics, heating (at f = 100-800 kHz) or magnetomechanical activation (at f < 1 kHz) within the region of interest can be implemented. In the latter case, the heating is negligible and the impact is due to the nanomechanical activation of biomolecular structures localized within the region close in size to MNP, i.e. within several tens of nanometers. Such nanomechanical activation can affect target cell functioning or induce its apoptosis.
Comparison of requirements and outcomes of these 3 approaches is presented, and advantages, drawbacks, uncertainties and risks of each of these approaches are analyzed.
FUNDING
Funded by RFBR grant 18-29-09154, supported also in part by Lomonosov MSU (Reg. Theme АААА-А21-121011290089-4). The experimental work has been carried out in part at the Center of Collective Use of Derzhavin Tambov State University.
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Golovin YI, Golovin DY, Vlasova KY, et al. Non-Heating Alternating Magnetic Field Nanomechanical Stimulation of Biomolecule Structures via Magnetic Nanoparticles as the Basis for Future Low-Toxic Biomedical Applications. Nanomaterials. 2021;11(9):2255. doi:10.3390/nano11092255
 
ISSN:2732-8929
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